STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION

ASSALAMUALAIKUM.

 This week we continue about the new topic :)

STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION

Organizational information is stored in a database.

RELATIONAL DATABASE FUNDAMENTAL

ENTITIES AND ATTRIBUTES

Entity

• the relational database model is a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which        information is stored.
• The table contain the entities
•      In figure below CUSTOMER, ORDER, ORDER LINE, PRODUCT and DISTRIBUTOR

Attributes (fields, columns)

• characteristics or properties of an entity classes
• in figure below
• attributes for CUSTOMER include Customer ID, Customer Name, Contact Name and Phone
• attributes for PRODUCT include Product ID, Product Description and Price.

KEYS AND RELATIONSHIP

to manage and organize various entity classes within the relational database model,developers must identify primary key and foreign keys.

• Primary key – a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table and important because they provide a way distinguishing each entity in a table.
• Foreign key – a primary key of one table that appears an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables

RELATIONAL DATABASE ADVANTAGES

From a business perspective database information have many advantage include:

• Increased flexibility
• Increased scalability and performance
• Reduced information redundancy
• Increased information integrity (quality)
• Increased information security

 INCREASED FLEXIBILITY

A good database:

• Can handle changes quickly and easily
• Business must able handle changes quickly and easily.
• Provide flexibility that allow users access information

Physical view – deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device such as hard disk.

Logical view – focuses on how users logically access information to meet t

heir particular business need.

INCREASED SCALABILITY AND PERFORMANCE 

A database must scale to meet increased demand,  while maintaining acceptable performance levels

• Scalability – refers to how well a system can adapt to increased demands
• Performance – measures how quickly a system performs a certain process or transaction

REDUCED INFORMATION REDUNDANCY

Databases reduce information redundancy

• Redundancy -the duplication of information or storing the same information in multiple places
• Inconsistency is one of the primary problems with redundant information

INCREASED INFORMATION INTEGRITY

Information integrity – measures the quality of information

Integrity constraint – rules that help ensure the quality of information.There are two type of integrity constraint :

1.  Relational integrity constraint - rule enforce basic and fundamental information-based constraint 
2.  Business-critical integrity constraint - enforce business rules vital to an organization's success and often require more insight and knowledge than relational integrity constraint.              

INCREASED INFORMATION SECURITY

Information is an organizational asset and must be protected

Databases offer several security features including:

• Password – provides authentication of the user
• Access level – determines who has access to the different types of information
• Access control – determines types of user access, such as read-only access

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Database management systems (DBMS)

software through which users and application programs interact with a database.

figure below in either  case users access the DBMS and the DBMS access the database.

DATA DRIVEN WEBSITES

  Data-driven Web sites –an interactive Web site kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database and useful when the site offer a great deal or information, products or service.in figure below plays a Wikipedia user querying intelligence.

DATA DRIVEN WEB SITE BUSINESS ADVANTAGE

DATA DRIVEN BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE 

companies can gain business intelligence by viewing the data accessed and analyzed from their website.
figure below displays how running queries or using analytical tools.

INTEGRATING INFORMATION AMONG MULTIPLE DATABASES

Integration – allows separate systems to communicate directly with each other

  Forward integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes

  Backward integration – takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.

  Building a central repository specifically for integrated information

figure above demonstration how this method work across the system or process sale,order,entry,order fulfillment.

THAT ALL THE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS TOPIC. :)

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